Cholesterol is a type of fat that is made in your body. It is also in some foods that you eat. Your body needs cholesterol to function properly. However, high cholesterol (which is also known as hypercholesterolemia or hyperlipidemia) can cause health problems. For example, it can cause a condition called atherosclerosis, the effects of which may include coronary heart disease, angina, and stroke. Some risk factors for high cholesterol include diet, weight, and heredity. If lifestyle changes alone are not enough to lower cholesterol, medication may be necessary.